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Teacher Resources:

GOALS & OBJECTIVES

NJ CURRICULUM STANDARDS

TEACHER REFERENCES

 
A. Goal(s) & Objectives

Audience:

v     This project will be intended for a Middle School Math Setting.

v     I will be specifically using it in a 6th grade Mathematics class.

v     The project will also have ties to the 6th grade Social Studies curriculum.

 Topic: Virtual Field Trip “Back in Time” to investigate the History of Numbers Systems

v     Students will be sent back in time to ancient civilizations to investigate the different number systems that were used.

 Goal: The goal of this project is to have students relate the mathematics of the past to the present, and to also predict how present mathematics could affect the future.

 Concept Objectives:

v     Students will understand the different number systems used by ancient civilizations.

v     The number systems to be discussed within project will include: the Mayan number system, the Egyptian number system, the Greek number system, and the Babylonian number system.

v     Students will learn about how the ancient number systems contributed to the number system we use today.

 Performance Objectives/Student Outcomes:

v     Students will need to create problems using the numbers systems of the ancient civilizations and explain the solutions to the class.

v     Students solve problems created by the teacher that use the various number systems.

v     Students will need to explain how the various number systems contributed to our number system today.

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B. Curriculum Standards

Social Studies Standards:

Standard 6.1
Social Studies Skills
ALL STUDENTS WILL UTILIZE HISTORICAL THINKING, PROBLEM SOLVING, AND RESEARCH SKILLS TO MAXIMIZE THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF
CIVICS, HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, AND ECONOMICS.

STANDARD 6.3
World History
ALL STUDENTS WILL DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF WORLD HISTORY
IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND LIFE AND EVENTS IN THE PAST AND HOW THEY RELATE TO THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE.

STANDARD 6.6
Geography
ALL STUDENTS WILL APPLY UNDERSTANDING KNOWLEDGE OF
SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND OTHER GEOGRAPHIC SKILLS TO UNDERSTAND
HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO THE PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT.

Math Standards:

STANDARD 4.1 (NUMBER AND NUMERICAL OPERATIONS) ALL STUDENTS WILL DEVELOP NUMBER SENSE AND WILL PERFORM STANDARD NUMERICAL OPERATIONS AND ESTIMATIONS ON ALL TYPES OF NUMBERS IN A VARIETY OF WAYS.

STANDARD 4.5 (MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES) ALL STUDENTS WILL USE MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES OF PROBLEM SOLVING, COMMUNICATION, CONNECTIONS, REASONING, REPRESENTATIONS, AND TECHNOLOGY TO SOLVE PROBLEMS AND COMMUNICATE MATHEMATICAL IDEAS.

Technology Standards:

Standard 8.1 (Computer and Information Literacy)
All students will use computer applications to gather and organize information and to solve problems.

Standard 8.2 (Technology Education)
All students will develop an understanding of the nature and impact of technology, engineering, technological design, and the designed world as they relate to the individual, society, and the environment.

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C. Teacher References

1.) http://mathforum.org/k12/mayan.math/

Fought, Steven. "The Math Forum." Mayan Arithmetic. 4 Jan 1997. Math Forum. 2 Feb 2008 <http://mathforum.org/k12/mayan.math/>. 

Mayan Arithmetic

 2.) http://www.hanksville.org/yucatan/mayamath.html

Strom, Karen. Mayan Math. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www.hanksville.org/yucatan/mayamath.html>.

Mayan Math

 3.) http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Babylonian_numerals.html

O'Connor, J J. "Babylonian Number Systems." Babylonian Number Systems. Dec 2000. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Babylonian_numerals.html >

Babylonian Number System

 4.) http://it.stlawu.edu/%7Edmelvill/mesomath/Numbers.html

Melville, Duncan. Cuneiform Numbers. 23 Sep 2003. 2 Feb 2008 <http://it.stlawu.edu/%7Edmelvill/mesomath/Numbers.html>.

Cuneiform Numbers

 5.) http://egypt.mrdonn.org/math.html

Martin, Phillip. "Ancient Egypt for Kids." Ancient Egyptian Math. Jan 2006. 2 Feb 2008 <http://egypt.mrdonn.org/math.html>.

Ancient Egyptian Math

 6.) http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Egyptian_numerals.html

O'Connor, J J. Egyptian Numerals. Dec 2000. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Egyptian_numerals.html>.

Egyptian Numeral Heiroglyphics

 7.) http://www.eyelid.co.uk/numbers.htm

Millmore, Mark. "Egyptian Mathematics." Egyptian Mathematics. Curriculum Online. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www.eyelid.co.uk/numbers.htm>.

Egyptian Mathematics

 8.) http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.roman.html

"Math Forum: Ask Dr. Math." Roman Numerals. The Math Forum. 2 Feb 2008 <http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.roman.html>.

Roman Numerals

 9.) http://www.math.tamu.edu/~dallen/history/gr_count/gr_count.html

Allen , Don. Greek Numbers and Arithmetic. 10 Feb 1997. 2 Feb 2008 <http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.roman.html>.

Greek Number System

 10.) http://www.mandarintools.com/numbers.html

Chinese Numbers . 7 Oct 1999. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www.mandarintools.com/numbers.html>.

Chinese Numbers

 11.) http://www.computersmiths.com/chineseinvention/decimal.htm

History of Chinese Invention. Computer Smiths. 2 Feb 2008 <http://www.computersmiths.com/chineseinvention/decimal.htm>.

History of Chinese Invention

 12. http://mathforum.org/alejandre/numerals.html

Alejandre, Suzanne . Links to Information on Number Systems. The Math Forum. 2 Feb 2008 <http://mathforum.org/alejandre/numerals.html >.

Links to Information on Number Systems

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Contact Email:

Mrs. Jacqueline Leslie (Borowski)

 Site Last Updated:

February 21, 2008